Mechanical refrigerator



y 1930- v R. w. DAVENPORT I 1,769,118

MECHANI CAL REFRIGERATOR Filed April 28. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENfor/730m Wflauewpp g ,4 7am ATTORNEY.

- 30 been set forth. For exampl Patented July 1 1930 UNITE-D, sr -rasrA'rfan'r OFFICE;

, RANBOM w. DAVENPORT, or DETROIT, mc'nrem, Assmnonro cmcaeo rnnumr cTOOL company, or new YORK, n. Y., A conrons'rron or NEW mesa? uncmrcar.anrmemm'ron ll Application m ApflI BQ, 1927. Serial m. 187,234.

This invention relates to refrigerating outfits adapted to the storageof perishable articles and also to the freezing of liquids in smallquantities. While it has aspects of 5 general utility it is particularlyapplicable to mechanically-operated self-contained outfits for householduse. It has direct ap lication to closed cycle systems utilizing ubri-veating refrigerants of the general .type dislo closed in my copendingapplications, Serial No. 85,580, filed February 2nd, 1926, and SerialNo. 106,825, filed May=5th, 1926;

One object of 'the' invention is to provide an improved mechanicalrefrigerator adapted to household use; Another object is to afford apleasing appearance and a highly convenient, compact and sanitarystructure. Still another object is to provide the utmost simplicity infeeding to and from the-pump 2 or compressor. Other objects will beapparent from the detailed description which followsi r In previouslydisclosed apparatus and methods for expanding a mixtureof vapor and gasthrough a body of lubricating refrigerant to evaporate the volatilecomponent of the latter, certain conditions adapted to increase theconvenience, simplicity and effectiveness of such processes andapparatus have e it is referable to feed the gas, vapor and liqui down.-wardly from the condenser to the evaporator and it is-also preferable tofeed theconcentrated lubricating refrigerant solution downwardly fromthe concentr the intake of the pump.

The present inventlon provi bining the mechanical refrigeratingapparatus'includin compressor, condenser and evaporator wit a cabinet insuch amanner that the evaporating member, or portions Y thereof, mayentend'both above: and below the compressor-condenser unitfso as toconform to the conditions set forth above. 'The invention furtherprovides a compact arrangement wherein theevaporatormeans are. sodisposed that the differential temfieratures at which heat is absorbedby the tter do not conflict in the ice'making,'coolin'g,

and lubricantconcentrating functipns.-

ating evaporator to des' for com- In order to illustrate the invention,one concrete embodiment: thereof is shown in the. accompanying drawingsin which: Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through 'a self-containedmechanical refrigerator substantially on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2 andshowing the apparatus unit in end elevation; Fig. 2 is a rontelevational view of the cabinet shown in Fig. lwith the door to the.

freezing chamber open; 1 Fig. 3 is a fragmentary rear elevational view;and

Fig. 4 isadiagrammatic illustration of the parts forming the closedcycle,refrigcrating system substantially in relative vertical positions.J

The embodiment of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustrationcomprises a refrigerator cabinet A adapted for household use andproviding a large refrigerating or food storage chamber B, and a smallcham- 1 ber C above chamber B and at the front'of the cabinet. ChambersB and C have walls of heat insulatingmaterial and inthe pres entinstance are shown insulated from one another. Access to the chambersmay be gained .through doors I) and 0 respectively. Rearwardly pfchamber 0 and above chamber B is a recess D adapted tocontain at least apart of the refrigerating apparatus. In the present instance theapparatus mounted in recess D comprises a unit of the general t pe shownin my copendin application,

erial No. 104,895, filed April 2 7t com rising a base 5 on which ismounted a con enser-6, a pump or compressor 7, and an electric motor 8for drivingcompressor' 7 and the air cooling means for. condenser 6.

Heat is extracted from chambers B and C through extended heat absorbingor evaporatorimeans arrangedto contain an evapon r able liquid. In thepresent instance the evaporator means comprises three parts connected 1nseries. These parts comprise'a freezing element 9.;disposed in chamberG, a cooling element 10 disposed in chamber B and a con-- centrator 11disposed in. chamber C. As is evld'ent from Figs. 1 and 4 the partscomprising the evaporator means are dispose in vertically. spacedrelation withthe freezing h, 1926, and

- oratingmeans to the pump are ver such that the products of thecondenser feed 5 having double walls formin a container'of limitedcapacity for the refri erant and may .conform generally to the freezmelement disclosed and claimed in m' copen ing applica- I ti'on, SerialNo.-105,37 2, ed April-29th, 1927. Cooling element 10 may take the' formof a simple coil of ipe'as shown in .Fig. 4 or may be a thinat'container for refrigerant arranged to form at least a. part .of theof'chamber B after the manner disclosed in my last named copendingapplication. By preference the upper portion 0 chamber Gin whichconcentrator 11 is dis osed is connected with refrigerating cham erBsothat air and'its contentsby convective currents. Such circulation ofair may be accompllshed by providing ducts or passages a between the amanner to form a c osed'cycl'e system operating on the vapor-gasprinciple. Condenser 6 connects with the bottom ,of' freezing element9throug'h pipe 13 and feeding device or expansion valve 14, The top offreezing ele-- ment 9 connects'with the bottom of coolingelement 10 by apipe 15. The top of cooling element 10 connects with concentrator 11 bycompressor and condenser M an evapora a pipe 16 whose open end isad'acent the top of evaporator 11. A pipe 17 a apted to pass 0 vapor andconcentratedlubricant extends from concentrator 11 to the-inlet of p'um7 which in turn discharges through pipe 18 into the top of condenser 6.I

' It will be evident from an inspection of the evaporating means and,from the' evapdirect andthat the disposition of t e freezing element-9'and theconcentra'tor 11 with reference to the apparatus disposed inrecess 6, is

downwardly to expansion valve 14 and the products of concentrator 1'1drain into the pump inlet after the manner found to be most 553advantageous and effective in systems of this type. Inasmuch as avapor-gas system; utilizlng vaporizing means which restricts circulationof liquid therein, operates at progressively higher temperatures afterthemanner 00 disclosed in my co ending application Serial ember 22,1925,whichcharacteristic is taken advantageof in work- No. 77,158, filed ingwith lubricating refrigerants, it is ap-' parent that the concentrator11 (remote from 5 feed ng device 14) operates ata much higher ining 'maycirculate therebetween and so that concentrator 11 may getheat fromchamber B said condenser 1, that the connections from thecondenser toshort and,

temperature than freezing .unit 9 "which is 1:

immediately adjacent device 14. Inlorder to prevent interference throughheat exchange betweenelements 9'and 11 of the evaporating From the aboveit will'be apparent that the present invention provides a self-containedmechanical refrigerator cabinet of pleasing design, so arranged that therefrigerating chambers can be easily kept in a sanitary condition andwith the apparatus parts so disposed as to insure'operation with maximumefiiciency while permitting convenient access for inspection andrepairs.-. .The machine unit which is disposed in recess D may be andpreferably is of small light construction which can be easily lifted outof its recess-'for' replacement or repairs, or the ends of the re;'cess' may be made removable to permit sliding it in endwise, after,disconnectijig the pipes connecting the same to freezingrelementp andcombined with the a paratus in recess D in While a preferred form of theinvention has been herein shown and described; it is to be understoodthat the invention is not limited to the specificdetails thereof, butcovers. all

changes, "modifications and adaptations within the scope of the appendedclaims. I claim'as-my inventionz- 1. The combination with a motor driventor extending both above and below said comressor and condenser, a heatexcluding-cabinetfor the" evaggrator, said compressor and supported bsaid cab-.. a

ine't within. a vertical projection o the latter;

2."In a closed cycle refrigeratin system operating on the vapor-gasprincip e a compressor, a-condenser, andan eva orator extending bothabove and below said compressor and condenser, said evaporatorcomprising alow temperature part utilized for the freezing of liquid anda higher temperature part for ordinary, refrigeration, said lowtemperature part being above said highertemperature part. 3. In a closedpresso'r, a condenser, and an evaporator excycle refrigerating systemoperating on the vapor-gas principle. a comtending both above and belowsaidcompressor and-condenser, said evaporator com: prising' a lowtemperature part utilized for 1 the freezing of liquid and a highertemperature partforordinary refrigeration, said low temperature phrtbe'ing-above'sa'id higher temperature part, said condenser beingconnected to the lower part of said low temper- Y ature part, the top ofwhich is in turn coneating refrigerant comprising a compressor.

a condenser and an evaporator, said evaporator having a freezing part, arefrigeratmg part and a concentrator, said evaporator elements beingdisposed in vertical spaced relation with said freezing partvintermediate said concentrator and said refrigerating part.

6. A closed cycle system operating on'the' vapor-gas principle andutilizing a lubricat mg refrigerant comprising a compressor, a condenserand an evaporator, said evaporator having a, freezing part, arefrigerating part and a concentrator, said evaporator elements beingdisposedin vertical spaced relation with said freezing part andintermediate said con'centrator and said refrigerating part, saidcompressor and said condenser'being mounted substantially on a levelwith said freezing part.

7. A efrigeratorcabinet having a freezing chamber, a refrigeratingchamber besaid evaporator parts are located, said cabinet having arecess rearwardly ef said freezing chamber and above said refrigeratingchamber to receive said compressor and condenser. i Y

8. A refrigerator cabinet having a freezing chamber, a refrigeratingchamber beneath. said freezing chamber, refrigerating apparatus of theclosedcy cle type operatmg on the vapor as principle and utilizing alubricating refrlgerant comprising a compressor, a condenser, and anevaporator having parts disposed in said chambers and-connectedin'series, aconcentrator connected to the second part of said evaporatorand sub-- jected to the heat of the chamber in which said second art islocated.

9. A refrigerator cabinet having a freezing chamber, a refrigeratingchamber be} neath said freezing chamber, refrigerating having partsdisposed in said chambers and.

connected'in series, and a concentrator adjacent said freezing chamber'connected to the Evaporator part in said refrigerating chameL t I 10.'A refrigerator cabinet having a freezmg chamber, a refrigerating chamberbeneath said freezing chamber, refrigerating apparatus of the closedcycle type operating v on. the vaporas principle and utilizing alubricating re rigerant comprising a compressor, a condenser, and anevaporator having parts. disposedin said chambers and connected 1nseries, a concentrator ad acent said freezingchamber and connected tothe evaporator pa'rt in said refrigerating, chamber, and meansinsulating said concentrator from the evaporator part in' said freezingchamber.

11. A self contained refrigerating and ice making outfit comprising acabinet havin a large chamber for articles to bepreserve a small chamberabove said large chamber, a recessrearwardly of said smallerchamber,are-frigerating element in said large chamber, a freezing element insaid smaller chamber,

-a refrigerant container. in said small chamber above said freezingelement, a refrigerating apparatus in said recess inc uding a compressorand a condenser, a connection from. said condenser to said freezingelement, said ,freezing element, refrigerating element and containerbeing connected in series in the order named, and a connection from saidcon-' tainer to-said pump and from said pump-to said condenser toprovide a closed cyclesystem operating on the vapor-gas principle andfor utilizing a lubricating refrigerant; I

12. A self-contained refrigeratin and ice making outfit comprising acabinet avin a large-chamber for articles to be preserve a small chamberabove said large chamber for liquids to be frozen, a recess rearwardlyof said smaller chamber, a refrigerating element in said large chamber,a freezing element in said smaller chamber having inclosing wa s of heatinsulating material and',adapted to contain receptacles for liquid to befrozen, a refrigerant container in said small. chamber above saidfreezing element, refrigerating tainer being connectedin series in theorder to said pump and from said pump to said named, and a connectionfrom said container I operating onthe vapor-gas principle and for Iutilizing a lubricating refrigerant.

v 13.'.A refrigerator cabinet having chambers of differ size, thesmaller chamber being disposed'a ove the larger, refrigeratating-on thevapor-gas princlple andutiliz ing apparatus of the closed cycle typeoper;

.20 establishing communication between said having parts disposed inboth said chambers and connected in series, and a concentrator inthe'smaller chamber connected to the evaporator and arra ed to receiveheat by convection from sai larger chamber.

14. A refri erator cabinet having chambers of differing size, the lar erchamber, being beneath the smaller cham er, refrigerating apparatusofthe closed cycletype operating on the vapor-gas principleand-ut1lizing a lubricating refrigerant comprising a, com ressor, acondenserand an evaporator having parts disposed in said chambers andconnected in series, a concentrator .in the 15 upper part of saidsmaller chamber connected to the evaporator part in said larger phamber,insulating means surrounding t e evapo-- rator part in said smallerchamber and ducts at the ends of saidinsulated evaporator part.

smaller chamber and said larger chamber to permit said concentrator toreceive heat from said larger chamber by convection.

Si ned by me at Detroit, county of Wayne, 25 and tate of Michigan, thisQdday of April,

- Ransom w. DAVENPORT.

